-=> On 04-03-98  09:25, Russ Wuertz said to Ivy Iverson,<=-
-=>"About 49Mhz to 6m......,"<=-
 
Hi, Russ;
 
 RW> OK... I transmit on 146.340 and a 600 Mhz offset automaticly
 RW> activates  (when I have my radio set to autoduplex) and I transmit
 RW> on 146.940.
 RW> People hear my transmission on 146.940 and they key up to reply
 RW> and I hear it back at the frequency that I am listening to 146.340 or
 RW> I do not hear it.  Unless they have an opposite offset that returns
 RW> back to mine, we  are out cold.
 RW> You say that the repeater does all that.  Right?   The repeater
 RW> is what  gets in between and straightens all this offset so that we can
 RW> use those  suliminal tones to talk to someone long distance.
 
Ok, let's greatly simplify this real quick.  Talking about our
hypothetical 34/94 repeater:
 
The repeater is really a simple thing when you get down to basics:  There
is a receiver which operates on only one frequency: 146.34 MHz.  There is
also a transmitter that operates on ony one frequency: 146.94 MHz.  They
are connected together with a "black box" calloed a controller that does
a few things which we won't worry about right now, and there is an
antenna, (maybe more than one), and the whole workes sits on a hilltop
somewhere.  But the basic thing is there is a receiver and a transmitter
which operate 600 KHz apart, and they are connected together, so that
when the receiver "hears" a signal, it turns the transmitter on, and the
transmitter "says" whatever the receiver hears.  Ok?  Do you follow me so
far?
 
Now, how would wde use such a device?  IF we transmit on 146.34 MHz, the
receiver will hear us.  And it can hear us for a long way, because it is
a very good receiver, it has a very good antenna, and most importantly,
it is up on a high hill.  And since whatever it hears on 146.34 MHz it
re-transmits 600 KHz away, on 146.94 MHz.  And since it is up on a high
hill, people can hear it a long way away.
 
Usually you can hear a repeater farther away than it can hear you, so as
long as we are close enough to a repeater to make the receiver hear us,
we can talk with anyone else who is also close enough to the repeater to
make it hear them.  What this means is that if you can use your little
handheld to talk to your friend Joe for 5 miles when you use simplex,
(both of you use the same frequency), and if the repeater can hear you
for 10 miles, then if you are 10 miles south of the repeater and Joe is
10 miles north of the repeater, then you are still able to talk when you
are 20 miles when you use the repeater, or 4 times as far away.
 
 RW> Hey... I have never met anyone who uses a repeater that I could
 RW> contact  and told me that he was no just right outside my house using
 RW> .5 watts and was just talking non sence.   I have been trying to get
 RW> things to work right, and see that a few people "appear" to be using
 RW> those features, but I have never been able to achomplish this sort of
 RW> thing myself. 
 
Ok, there is another thing which you might be having problems with, and
this could be why you can't bring up a repeater that you can hear.  It's
something in that "black box" controller that's sitting between the
receiver and the transmitter in the repeater.  It's called CTCSS, which
stands for Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System, or PL, (which stands for
"Private Line,") and is Motorola's name for the same thing.  What this
does is sends a tone, too low for you to hear, every time you key up
your transmitter.  The controller in the repeater will not let the
repeater's transmitter go on the air unless it also hears that tone.  The
"Coded" part of CTCSS is that different frequencies of tone are used, so
you could have two or three repeaters within range of a station, but if
each one uses a different PL tone, you would select which one - and only
one - of those repeaters retransmits what you say.  It just may be that
you do not have the proper PL frequency set up in your radio's PL
generator, (also called an encoder), or if your radio is an older one, it
may even not have a PL encoder installed in it.
 
 RW> I am a member of a world wide organization called "Ramjets".  It
 RW> is a  secret organization of the Daisy Brand Corporation.   I am also 
 RW> a Ramjet III as well as a technician class amateur radio operator. 
 RW> (KF4ODD) 
 RW> We are not permitted to join other clubs under the guidelines of
 RW> my own  organization, and unless they proform to a Ramjet level they
 RW> may not join  ours.
 
This sounds like something a child would join.  Do you work for Daisy?
(Is that the same company that makes BB guns?)  And that "Ramjet" thing,
is that Roger Ramjet?  May I ask your age please?
 
 RW> Amateur Station KF4ODD - TheStation withthe mostus
 RW>                    ~~~
 
ODD?  Hmmmmmmm.
 
73 DE KB9QPM
   Ivy
 
 
 
... Hams do not necessarily come from the land of sky blue water!
 
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           ³             IMHO: 5 WPM for EVERYONE.             ³
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