-=> On 04-01-98  07:04, Russ Wuertz said to Brendan Keyport,<=-
-=>"About 49Mhz to 6m......,"<=-
 
Hi, Russ;
 
 RW> OK... Does a 600 kHz offset make a difference when transmitting on
 RW> 100 or more Watts.   
 
No, 600 KHz is the standard offset for 2-Meter repeaters.
 
 RW> When I transmit with more watts, do I need to have a duplex offset
 RW> like  that?   Or is that so conversations cannot be listened into
 RW> because TX and RX  are on different frequencies so a person has to be a
 RW> part of the club to know  all these offsets?
 
No, there are two kinds of Ham voice operation usually used on FM:
Simplex and through a repeater.  When you operate simplex, you transmit
and receive on the same frequency.  When you use a repeater, you transmit
to the repeater on one frequency, and the repeater retransmits what you
say on a different frequency.  On the 2-Meter band, the difference between
the repeater's input and output frequencies is 600 KHz.  (Other bands use
different "splits.")  Some parts of the 2 Meter band have "positive
offset," where you transmit above the frequency that the transmitter
does, and other parts of that band use "negative offset," where you
transmit 600 KHz below the frequency you are receiving on.  When a
repeater frequency is listed, only it's output frequency and usually the
offset are listed, however all of the 2 Meter repeaters I am aware of use
this rule of thumb:  If the 100 KHz part of the frequency, (the first
digit after the decimal) is less than 5, the offset is positive, and if
it's more than 5, the offset is negative.  Sometimes repeaters are spoken
of by using just the forst two digits after the decimal, such as "The
34/94 machine" refers to a repeater with an input of 146.340 MHz, and an
output of 146.940 MHz.  This same repeater may also be called "The 94."
Most repeaters are open, however a few are "closed," meaning that non-
members of the club or other group are not allowed to use it.
This is often done by using a CTCSS, also called PL, which is a
subaudible tone which is transmitted both by the repeater and it's
users.  When PL is used, if the repeater's receiver doesn't "hear"
a tone of the proper frequency, the transmitter will not be activated.
 
PL is used for several things, including preventing interference
between different repeters, and the frequency is usually published
along with the frequency, location and other information about the
machine.  In a closed repeater, however, the frequency used by the PL
is kept secret, and since it is possible to discover what frequency a
PL tone is, one tone may be used in the repeater's receiver and a
different one may be used on the output.
 
 RW> This history of these things I do not know.   What I should do to
 RW> get my  transmission sent more clearly w/out interfering with anyone I
 RW> should be  informed of.
 
I suggest that you look for a Ham club in your area, and learn when the
meetings are, then go to meetings.  Most clubs have a repeater, (some
clubs have more than one, often on 2 or more bands, or some members may
run a repeater).  They will be happy to instruct you in the proper use
of a repeater, (though you need your license first).  But the basic
rule is: If you hear someone talking, do not transmit while they are on
the air.  If your signal is not strong and clear, they will tell you,
and will probably suggest some things to do to correct the problem.
 
73 DE KB9QPM
   Ivy
 
 
 
... RTFM?  I'm too busy trying to make this thing work!
 
                --
 
           ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
           ³  SysOp: Ivy's WALL BBS - 6 Networks 920-457-9255  ³
           ³             IMHO: 5 WPM for EVERYONE.             ³
           ³           KB9QPM/AE as of 11/19/97 :->>           ³
           ³Happy New Year to All! May the band always be open!³
           ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
 
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