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| subject: | More on Fuel Cells |
Here is some Information from the DOD(Army Corps of Engineers) Fuel Cell evaluation program. I got this Information from the Web Site www.dodfuelcell.com Note that most of the test dites are either off line of Decommissioned and that the Average Up time was only 66.2% that is pretty POOR performance for an Electrical Generating System. ************************************************************************ *** PAFC Demonistration Program Overview Introduction Phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC) were installed at 30 U.S. Department of Defense bases between 1994 and 1997. The objectives of the PAFC Demonstration Program were to: Demonstrate fuel cell capabilities in real world situations, Stimulate growth and economies of scale in the fuel cell industry, Determine the role of fuel cells in DoD's long term energy strategy Background In fiscal year 1993, (FY93), the U.S. Congress appropriated $18 million to advance the use of PAFCs at DoD installations. An additional $18.75 million was appropriated in FY94 to expand the program. The U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (USACERL) was assigned the mission of managing the Fuel Cell Demonstration Program for the DoD. USACERL's specific tasks included developing turnkey PAFC packages, devising site criteria, screening DoD candidate installation sites against selection criteria, evaluating viable applications at each candidate site, coordinating fuel cell site designs, installation and acceptance of the PAFC power plants, and performance monitoring and reporting. Fuel Cell Sites The DoD Fuel Cell Demonstration Program sites represent a broad spectrum of facilities and locations throughout the major Services. These include eight categories of buildings and span 17 states, from Alaska to Florida (see Map). The Site Summary List identifies all 30 installation sites and the current status of their fuel cell installation. Seven of the fuel cells are configured to provide back-up electrical power should the utility grid experience a power outage. Thermal output from the fuel cell is used for heating boiler make-up water, domestic hot water, space heating, condensate return, process hot water, etc as shown in the Site Application Matrix. Performance Data As part of the PAFC Demonstration Program, fuel cell performance was monitored with operating data available under Site Performance. Fuel Cell Fleet Performance through January 31, 2003 847,199 Hours of Operation 142,730 MWHrs Produced 10,548 MMBtu of Thermal Delivered 66.2 % Power Plant Fleet Availability Service/Site Name Location Fuel Cell Start-up Operating Status ARMY Fort Bliss El Paso,TX Sep.-1997 Decommissioned, Jun-2002 Fort Eustis Newport News, VA Sep.-1995 Off-line, Dec-2001 Fort Huachuca Sierra Vista, AZ Jul.-1997 Operational Fort Richardson Anchorage, AK Apr.-1997 Off-line, Apr-2001 U.S. Army Soldier Systems Center Natick, MA Feb.-1995 Decommissioned, Jan-2003 Picatinny Arsenal Dover, NJ Oct.-1995 Decommissioned, Jul-2001 Pine Bluff Arsenal White Hall, AR Oct.-1997 Decommissioned, Jun-2001 US Military Academy West Point, NY Dec.-1995 Decommissioned, Jul-2000 Watervliet Arsenal Watervliet, NY Oct.-1997 Decommissioned, Nov-2002 AIR FORCE 911th Airlift Wing Pittsburgh, PA Feb.-1997 Decommissioned, Oct-2001 934th Airlift Wing Minneapolis, MN Feb.-1995 Decommissioned, Jan-2003 Barksdale AFB Bossier City, LA Jul.-1997 Off-line, Oct-2002 Davis-Monthan AFB Tucson, AZ Dec.-1997 Off-line, Jan-2002 Edwards AFB Palmdale, CA Jul.-1997 Off-line, Jul-2002 Kirtland AFB Albuquerque, NM Sep.-1995 Decommissioned, May-2001 Laughlin AFB Del Rio, TX Sep.-1997 Off-line, Nov-2002 Little Rock AFB Jacksonville, AR Oct.-1997 Off-line, Dec-2000 Nellis AFB Las Vegas, NV Oct.-1995 Off-line, Jun-2001 Vandenberg AFB Lompoc, CA Apr.-1994 Decommissioned, Feb-2001 Westover ARB Chicopee, MA Sep.-1997 Off-line, Sep-2002 NAVY/MARINES CBC Port Hueneme Port Hueneme, CA Aug.-1997 Off-line, Jan-2003 Naval Hospital MCBCamp Pendleton Oceanside, CA Oct.-1995 Decommissioned, Apr-2001 NAS Fallon Fallon, NV Mar.-1997 Off-line, Mar-2002 Naval HospitalNAS Jacksonville Jacksonville, FL Apr.-1997 Off-line, Apr-2002 Naval Station Newport Newport, RI Feb.-1995 Decommissioned, Jul-2001 Naval Oceanographic Office Stennis Space Center, MS Sep.-1997 Decommissioned, Oct-2002 Subase New London Groton, CT Oct.-1997 Operational Naval HospitalMCAGCC Twentynine Palms Twentynine Palms, CA Jun.-1996 Decommissioned, Sep-2000 US Naval Academy Annapolis, MD Sep.-1997 Off-line, Sep-2002 OTHER: National Defense Center forEnvironmental Excellence (NDCEE) Johnstown, PA Aug.-1997 Operational --- Platinum Xpress/Win/WINServer v3.0pr5* Origin: Shakey Jake's *ALL FREE BBS* Santee, CA (1:202/1324) SEEN-BY: 633/267 270 @PATH: 202/1324 10/3 106/2000 633/267 |
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