TIP: Click on subject to list as thread! ANSI
echo: c_plusplus
to: FERNANDO ARIEL GONT
from: KURT KUZBA
date: 1997-07-15 23:57:00
subject: QUIERO APRENDER C++

FA>   about writing my messages in Spanish,
   English is the official language of the ECHO.
   I hope you'll stay around. The rules will be posted again.
   Without seeing the text, I cannot know why he says declare
   and define. By declare, he may have meant prototype.
   A function must have a prototype, which must appear in the
   code prior to any calls to that function.
   The definition of a function may be the function itself then.
   If you have a file which requires a function in another file,
   then the other file must appear prior to it.
FA>   What are the "streams class"
   The stream classes are used to manipulate data streams,
   such as file I/O and I/O using stdout and stdin.
FA>   What does "class" mean?. Does it mean "library"?
   A class is a C++ concept. It is similar to a struct.
   It may contain private, protected, and public sections.
   These sections may contain code, data, or other classes.
FA>   What is the "<<" operator used for ?
   This is left shift.
   Given an unsigned int x = 0x0001:
   x << 1   // turns 0x0001 into 0x0010
   x << 2   // turns 0x0001 into 0x0100
   x << 3   // turns 0x0001 into 0x1000
   It may also be used with an assignment operator:
   x <<= 1  // turns 0x0001 into 0x0010 and makes x = 0x0010
   It is also commonly used with the iostream classes as an
   overloaded operator, which means it does whatever the class
   defines it to do. With cout, for example, it takes the
   text following the operator and sends it to the stream.
FA>   Aren't the "escape sequences" the ones used with the ANSI
FA>   driver ?
   Escape sequence is a generic term. ANSI.SYS uses escape
   sequences triggerred with "\x1b[".
   Strings in C++ use the \ to prefix an escape sequence.
   Some characters can not be reasonably coded into a string,
   so they are given special escape sequences.
   BACKSLASH = '\\'
   TAB = '\t'
   ENTER = 'r'
   LINE FEED = '\n'
   QUOTE = '\"'
   BACKSPACE = '\b'
   BELL = '\a'
   I hope this helps a little. :)
> ] Conspiracy? There's no conspiracy. Go ahead. Ask anyone.....
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