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          made in any case, or at any time, hereafter.
Art. 17.  That retrospective Laws, punishing acts committed before the
          existence of such Laws, and by them only declared  criminal,
          are oppressive, unjust and incompatible with liberty; where-
          fore, no ex post facto Law ought to be made; nor any  retro-
          spective oath or restriction be imposed, or required.
Art. 18.  That no Law to attaint particular persons of treason or fel-
          ony, ought to  be made in  any case, or  at any time,  here-
          after.
Art. 19.  That every man for  any injury done to him in his  person or
          property, ought to have remedy  by the course of the  Law of
          the land,  and ought  to have  justice and  right freely and
          without sale, fully without any denial, and speedily without
          delay, according to the Law of the land.
Art. 20.  That the trial  of facts, where  they  arise, is  one of the
          greatest securities  of the  lives, liberties  and estate of
          the People.
Art. 21.  That in all criminal prosecutions, every man hath a right to
          be informed of the accusation against him; to have a copy of
          the Indictment, or charge, in due time (if required) to pre-
          pare for his defence; to be allowed counsel; to be confront-
          ed with the witnesses against  him; to have process for  his
          witnesses; to examine the  witnesses for and against  him on
          oath; and to  a speedy trial  by an impartial  jury, without
          whose unanimous consent he ought not to be found guilty.
Art. 22.  That no man  ought to be compelled to give  evidence against
          himself in a criminal case.
Art. 23.  That no man ought to be taken or imprisoned or disseized  of
          his freehold, liberties or  privileges, or outlawed, or  ex-
          iled, or, in any manner, destroyed, or deprived of his life,
          liberty or property but by the judgement of his peers, or by
          the Law of the land.
Art. 24.  That Slavery shall  not be reestablished in this State;  but
          having been abolished under the policy and authority of  the
          United States,  compensation, in  consideration thereof,  is
          due from the United States.
Art. 25.  That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor  excessive
          fines imposed, nor  cruel and unusual  punishment inflicted,
          by the courts of Law.
Art. 26.  That all  warrants,  without oath or  affirmation, to search
          suspected places, or  to seize any  person or property,  are
          grievous and oppressive; and all general warrants to  search
          suspected places, or to apprehend suspected persons, without
          naming or describing  the place, or  the person in  special,
          are illegal, and ought not to be granted.
Art. 27.  That  no conviction shall work  corruption of blood or  for-
          feiture of estate.
Art. 28.  That a well regulated militia is the proper and natural  de-
          fence of a free Government.
Art. 29.  That Standing Armies are dangerous to liberty, and ought not
          to be raised, or kept up, without the consent of the  Legis-
          lature.
Art. 30.  That in all cases,  and at all times, the military ought  to
          be under strict subordination to, and control of, the  civil
          power.
Art. 31.  That no soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any
          house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war,
          except in the manner prescribed by Law.
Art. 32.  That no person except regular soldiers, marines, and  marin-
          ers in the service of this State, or militia, when in actual
          service, ought, in any case, to be subject to, or punishable
          by Martial Law.
Art. 33.  That the  independency and uprightness of Judges  are essen-
          tial to the impartial administration of Justice, and a great
          security to the rights and liberties of the People:   Where-
          fore, the Judges shall not be removed, except in the manner,
          and for the causes provided in this Constitution.  No  Judge
          shall hold any other office, civil or military, or political
          trust, or employment of any kind, whatsoever, under the Con-
          stitution or Laws of this State, or of the United States, or
          any of them;  or receive fees,  or perquisites of  any kind,
          for the discharge of his official duties.
Art. 34.  That a  long  continuance  in the  Executive Departments  of
          power or trust  is dangerous to  liberty; a rotation  there-
          fore, in those departments is one of the best securities  of
          permanent freedom.
Art. 35.  That no person shall  hold, at the same time, more than  one
          office of  profit, created  by the  Constitution or  Laws of
          this State; nor shall any person in public trust receive any
          present from any foreign Prince or State, or from the United
          States,  or  any  of  them,  without the approbation of this
          State.
Art. 36.  That as it is the  duty of every man to worship God in  such
          manner as he thinks most acceptable to Him, all persons  are
          equally entitled to  protection in their  religious liberty;
          wherefore, no person ought by any law to be molested in  his
          person or estate, on account of his religious persuasion, or
          profession, or for his religious practice, unless under  the
          color of religion, he shall disturb the good order, peace or
          safety of the State, or shall infringe the laws of morality,
          or  injure  others  in  their  natural,  civil  or religious
          rights; nor ought any person to be compelled to frequent, or
          maintain, or  contribute, unless  on contract,  to maintain,
          any place of worship, or any ministry; nor shall any  person
          otherwise competent, be deemed incompetent as a witness,  or
          juror,  on  account  of  his  religious belief; provided, he
          believes in the existence of God, and that under His dispen-
          sation such person will be held morally accountable for  his
          acts, and be  rewarded or punished  therefor either in  this
          world or in the world to come.
Art. 37.  That no religious test ought ever to be required as a  qual-
          ification for any office of  profit or trust in this  State,
          other than a declaration of belief in the existence of  God;
          nor shall the Legislature prescribe any other oath of office
          than the oath prescribed by this Constitution.
          joyed or used only for such purpose; or such sale, gift,  or
          lease or devise shall  be void. Provided, however,  that ex-
          cept in so  far as the  General Assembly shall  hereafter by
          law otherwise  enact, the  consent of  the Legislature shall
          not  be  required  to  any  gift, grant, deed, or conveyance
          executed after  the 2nd  day of  November, 1948,  or to  any
          devise or bequest contained in the will of any person  dying
          after said 2nd  day of November,  1948, for any  of the pur-
          poses here in above in this Art. mentioned. [amended 1948]
Art. 39.  That the manner  of administering an oath or affirmation  to
          any  person,  ought  to  be  such  as those of the religious
          persuasion, profession,  or denomination,  of which  he is a
          member, generally esteem the most effectual confirmation  by
          the attestation of the Divine Being.
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 * OLX 2.2 TD * Evolution stops when stupidity is no longer fatal
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