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echo: ufo
to: ALL
from: FRED AUSTIN
date: 1998-02-22 18:21:00
subject: Bluebook [01/17]

 >>> Part 1 of 17...
As a service to those who have some interest in this topic, and who may
not be familiar with BlueBook or the origins of this subject I pass this
on with full credit of course to the below author.  It seems to me the
skeptical viepoint has lately disregarded the basis of where this all
started and would have many in this forum believe everything is a
hallucination or everyone has no credibility, all can be dismissed or
explained.  Here is your opportunity for constructive criticism.
And for all those who may be more pro, a chance to look back if you
haven't seen this, at UFO history........
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
                          THE BLUE BOOK UNKNOWNS
                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The unexplained UFO reports from the files of the U.S. Air Force's Project
Blue Book UFO investigations.
          Compiled by Don Berliner, for the Fund for UFO Research
                      ~~~~~~~~~~~~
the conclusions or views expressed in this publication are the views of the
author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Fund for UFO
Research, Inc.
          THE UNEXPLAINED UFO CASES FROM THE PROJECT BLUE BOOK FILES
         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In January, 1974, I visited the U.S. Air Force Archives at Maxwell AFB,
Montgomery, Ala., to review the files of Project Blue Book as the first step
toward writing a book on the subject.
In a full week, I read all the "unexplained" cases in the original files and
made extensive notes, including the names and other identifying information 
n
all witnesses where given.  The cooperation of the staff of the Archives was
excellent, and no restrictions were placed on my work.
A few months later, the files were withdrawn from public view so they could 
e
prepared for transfer to the National Archives in Washington, D.C. This
process involved making a xerox copy of almost 30 file drawers of material,
blacking out the names and other identifiers of all witnesses, and then
microfilming the censored xerox copy.  The microfilm has been available to 
he
public at the National Archives since 1976. The original Project Blue Book
files remain under lock and key at the Archives.
On almost every page of the 12,000+ case files, there are big black marks
where information that could be used to cross-check Project Blue Book's
controversial work has been censored.
This includes the names of witnesses to widely-publicized cases, and even
names in newspaper clippings!
As it was perfectly legal for me to copy witness' names when I visited the 
ir
Force Archives, those names can be found in this report of 585 (less 13
missing) unexplained cases.  And since the Privacy Act, which motivated the
Air Force to censor the files in the first place, does not apply to reporters
or anyone else outside the Government, they can be used as the reader 
eases.
Inasmuch as the book I planned to write has never progressed beyond the
manuscript stage, I see no reason to keep this information under wraps any
longer.  Perhaps it will encourage others to re-investigate cases and make 
he
results known.
"Unidentified" says a great deal...and it says almost nothing.
Probably the most controversial aspect of the entire Air Force investigation
of UFOs was its handling of individual cases.
The means by.which one case was determined to be "identified" and another
"unidentified" has no doubt fueled more arguments about Project Blue Book 
han
anything else it did.
For many years, Blue Book's most vocal opponents have insisted that the
standards by which cases were allegedly explained were grossly unscientific.
Blue Book's goal, according to those who held it low esteem, was to attach
some explanation to every case, regardless of logic or common sense.  
xamples
of Blue Book saying a violently maneuvering disc was an aircraft, or of
blaming a puzzling radar tracking on a supposedly malfunctioning radar set
which it never bothered to check out, are numerous in the popular UFO
literature.
And they are even more numerous in the files of Project Blue Book. The 
rgency
with which Blue Book officials tagged answers onto cases without having done
the proper investigation is obvious, though not proven.  But if the Air Force
was so eager to label cases "identified", despite the lack of supporting
evidence, then those few cases which it labeled "unidentified" presumably
withstood every attempt to apply every other kind of label.  And so it may be
that those cases are truly unidentifiable in familiar terms.
Indeed, the Air Force defines "unidentifiable" cases as those which
"apparently contain all pertinent data necessary to suggest a valid 
ypothesis
concerning the lack of explanation of the report, but the description of the
object or its motion cannot be correlated with any known object or
phenomenon."
To meet such criteria, a report must obviously come from a reputable source,
and it must not bear any resemblance to airplanes, balloons, helicopters,
spacecraft, birds, clouds, stars, planets, meteors, comets, electrical
phenomena, or anything else known to frequent the air, the sky, or nearby
space.
Unfortunately, the Air Force failed to stick to its own rules.  Some of the
"unidentifiable" cases most certainly can be correlated with known objects or
phenomena.  But most of them cannot.  Moreover, many of the so-called
"identified" cases cannot honestly be so correlated.  But we are primarily
concerned here with those cases which Project Blue Book openly admits it
tried to explain and failed.
The amount of detail in these cases varies enormously.  Some cases -
frequently those which were well publicized at the time of the event - 
ontain
considerable information, while others are vague and seriously incomplete.
Project Blue Book generally placed the blame for such incompleteness on the
witnesses, but it should take its own share of the responsibility.  'In
thousands of cases, there is no completed questionnaire in the Project files,
nor even any indication that one was sent to the witness.  And in most of the
instances where a questionnaire was filled out, it was never followed up to
get more complete answers to questions which the witnesses failed to deal 
ith
properly.  For much of the life of Project Blue Book and its predecessors,
there was no satisfactory.questionnaire at all.  And one of those used for a
lengthy period was so badly organized that a witness should not be held to
blame for giving incomplete answers.
Yet, despite all the roadblocks, many reports are sufficiently complete to
tell a pretty clear story of a puzzling experience.  With this data now
available, anyone can look at Project Blue Book's "unidentified" UFO reports
and make up his own mind.       
------------------------
       July 3, 1947; Harborside, Maine. 2:30 p.m.  EDT. Witness:
       astronomer John Cole of South Brooksville, Me. Watched 10-15
       seconds while ten very light objects, with two dark forms to
       their left, moved like a swarm of bees to the northwest.  A loud
       roar was heard.
       July 4, 1947; over Emmet, Idaho. 8:17 p.m.  PDT. Witnesses:
       United Air Lines Capt. E.J. Smith, First Officer Ralph Stevens,
       Stewardess Marty Morrow. Watched for 12-15 minutes while four
       objects with flat bottoms and rough tops moved at varying speeds,
       with one high and to the right of the others.
       July 6, 1947; Fairfield-Suisan Air Base, California. Daytime.
       Witnesses:  Army Air Forces Capt. and Mrs. James Burniston.
       Watched for 1 minute while one object having no wings or tail
       rolled from side-to-side three times and then flew away very fast
       to the southeast.
       July 8, 1947; Muroc Air Base, California. 9:30 a.m. PDT.
       Witnesses:  lst Lt. Joseph McHenry, T/Sgt Ruvolo, S/Sgt Nauman,
       Miss Janette Scotte. Watched for an unstated length of time
       while two disc-shaped or spherical objects--silver and apparently
       metallic--flew a wide circular pattern, and then one of them
       later flew a tighter circle.
       July 9, 1947; Meridian, Idaho. 12:17 p.m.  PDT. Witness:  Idaho
       statesman aviation editor and former (AAF) B-29 pilot Dave
       Johnson. Watched for more than 10 seconds from an Idaho Air
       National Guard AT-6 while a black disc, which stood out against
       the clouds, made a half-roll and then a stair-step climb.
       July 10, 1947; Harmon Field, Newfoundland, Canada. Between 3 and
       5 p.m.  local time.  Witnesses:  three ground crewmen, including
       Mr. Leidy, for Pan American Airways. Watched briefly while one
       translucent disc- or wheel-shaped object flew very fast, leaving
       a dark blue trail and then ascended and cut a path through the
       clouds.
       July 29, 1947; Hamilton Air Base, California. 2:50 p.m. PDT.
       Witnesses:  Assistant Base Operations Officer Capt. William
       Rhyerd, ex-AAF B-29 pilot Ward Stewart. Watched for unknown
       length of time while two round, shiny, white objects with
       estimated 15-25 foot diameters, flew 3-4 times the apparent speed
       of a P-80, also in sight. One object flew straight and level;
       the other weaved from side-to-side like an escort fighter.
       Sept. 3, 1947; Oswego, Oregon. 12:15 p.m.  PDT. Witness:
       housewife Mrs. Raymond Dupui. Watched for unknown length of time
       as 12-15 round, silver objects flew an unstated pattern.
       Oct., 1947; Dodgeville, Wisconsin. 11
       unnamed civilian man.  Watched for 1 hour while an undescribed
       object flew counterclockwise circles.
       Oct. 14, 1947; 11 mi. NNE of Cave Creek, Arizona. Noon MDT.
       Witnesses:  ex-AAF fighter pilot J.L. Clark, civilian pilot
       Anderson, third man. Watched 45-60 seconds while one 3-foot
       "flying wing"-shaped object, which looked black against the white
       clouds and red against the blue sky, flew straight at an
       estimated 380 m.p.h., at 8-10,000 feet, from NW to SE.
       April 5, 1948; Holloman AFB, New Mexico. Afternoon. Witnesses:
       Geophysics Lab balloon observers Alsen, Johnson, Chance. Two
       irregular, round, white or golden objects.  One made three loops
       then rose and disappeared rapidly; the other flew in a fast arc
       to the west during the 3O^second sighting.
 >>> Continued to next message...
--- Blue Wave/DOS v2.30
---------------
* Origin: Juxtaposition BBS. Lasalle, Quebec, Canada (1:167/133)

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