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The ARRL Letter

August 3, 2017
Editor: Rick Lindquist, WW1ME

 *  ARRL Board Explores Entry-Level License Options, Ways to Face Future
    Challenges
 *  ARRL Board Names Award Winners, Recognizes Clubs
 *  Amateur Radio Participation is Key to University Solar Eclipse
    Experiment
 *  The Doctor Will See You Now!
 *  FT8 Mode is Latest Bright Shiny Object in Amateur Radio Digital World
 *  Canada C3 Expedition WSPR Beacon Reports Continue at High Rate; QSL
    Available
 *  Marty Sullaway, KC1CWF, is 2017 Young Ham of the Year
 *  Young English Radio Amateur Completes the Wainwrights on the Air
    Challenge
 *  Amateur Radio Personality, Broadcaster, Businessman Al Cohen, W1FXQ, SK
 *  "Father of Competitive Radio" in USSR Boris Stepanov, RU3AX, SK
 *  In Brief...
 *  The K7RA Solar Update
 *  Just Ahead in Radiosport
 *  Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions

____________________________________________________________________________


ARRL Board Explores Entry-Level License Options, Ways to Face Future Challenges

Meeting July 21-22 in Farmington, Connecticut, the ARRL Board of Directors took
steps to chart a firmer future for Amateur Radio by enhancing the value of the
entry-level license and by providing ongoing support for new licensees. ARRL
President Rick Roderick, K5UR, chaired the second regular meeting of 2017.

ARRL New England Division Director Tom Frenaye, K1KI, presented the report of
the Ad Hoc Entry-Level License Committee. He said the committee's initial,
informal survey attracted nearly 7,900 responses. A second random survey drew
another 375 responses. "A clear majority favored a revision to the Technician
rather than a new entry-level license," the committee's report said, noting
that this would require no change to the Technician examination, which already
covers more material than necessary for an entry-level examination. "This
choice requires the simplest revision to FCC rules," the committee report said.
The committee suggested expanded digital access on 80, 40, and 15 meters, where
Technicians already have CW access, as well as the addition of Technician phone
privileges on those bands. Frenaye pointed out that while the Amateur Radio
population is growing, the annual rate of growth has stagnated at about 1%.
"There is a general consensus...that 'something needs to happen,'" the
committee's report said, noting a generally favorable attitude toward
attracting newcomers.

"The general goal here is to have an entry-level license that offers a way for
a newcomer to experience multiple facets of Amateur Radio," the committee's
report said, "encouraging them to get on the air, meet other licensees, and
engage in a lifetime of learning while using Amateur Radio."

Later in the meeting, the Board charged the ARRL Executive Committee with
developing a plan to implement the ad hoc committee's recommendation to make
the current Technician class license more attractive and useful by expanding
its operating privileges on HF to include phone and digital modes. The Board
asked the Ad Hoc Entry-Level License Committee to further research and develop
the details of a second recommendation to improve successful outreach to
prospective radio amateurs and help them through the licensing process.

ARRL Ad Hoc Legislative Advocacy Committee Chair and Hudson Division Director
Mike Lisenco, N2YBB, discussed the status of the US Senate version of the
Amateur Radio Parity Act of 2017. Lisenco said Senate leadership is supportive
of the bill, which should be scheduled for mark-up in the Senate Commerce
Committee.

ARRL Chief Executive Officer Tom Gallagher, NY2RF, presented the report of six
Headquarters staffers who had been tasked with identifying the challenges
facing ARRL and devising feasible solutions. Specifically, the committee
addressed market research findings that have continued to reveal that only a
small percentage of new hams join the League, and only about one-half of new
hams actually get on the air.

The committee began with the premise that ARRL must act in order to remain
relevant going forward. It proposed instituting a Lifelong Learning Program to
focus on developing a clear developmental path for all radio amateurs, from
newcomers to established radio amateurs. The committee recommended the creation
of new programs and services to increase the knowledge base of newcomers in
order to get them active, as well as programs to keep experienced amateurs up
to date with changing technology and practice.

The Board established the "ARRL Centurion Award" to recognize radio amateurs
who have reached the age of 100 and have been League members for at least 40
years. Members will join the ranks of the ARRL Order of the Centurion,
entitling them to free ARRL membership for the remainder of their lives. Life
Members would be able to select a bonus publication.

In other business:

- The Board was updated on plans to upgrade the ARRL website.

- ARRL International Affairs Vice President Jay Bellows, K0QB, told the Board
that even small threats to our bands from such devices as small battery
chargers pose serious threats to Amateur Radio spectrum and must be monitored.

- The Electromagnetic Compatibility Committee reported that it is working with
the ARRL Lab on issues stemming from the increase of RF noise related to home
solar power installations and on the overall increase in the noise floor
generally.

- ARRL General Counsel Chris Imlay, W3KD, told the Board that a workable
solution is in sight to the FAA tower lighting and painting rules that could
affect some Amateur Radio antenna installations. Imlay also told the Board that
while Amateur Radio spectrum has avoided being targeted in any FCC reallocation
dockets, the possibility still exists that amateur frequencies could be
included in future dockets.

____________________________________________________________________________


ARRL Board Names Award Winners, Recognizes Clubs

Meeting July 19-21 in Connecticut, the ARRL Board of Directors announced the
winners of the 2017 Hiram Percy Maxim Award and the Philip J. McGan Memorial
Silver Antenna Award. It also recognized two clubs for their exemplary service.

The Board designated 19-year-old Skyler Fennell, KD0WHB, of Denver, Colorado,
to receive the 2017 Hiram Percy Maxim Memorial Award, the League's top honor
for a young radio amateur. Fennell has been actively involved in a wide range
of Amateur Radio activities and community service, establishing two clubs,
mentoring other students, and using Amateur Radio to aid the community. Among
other accomplishments, he built an AllStar link node providing internet from
his house and assembled and put on the air a repeater to support his college
community. He also built his own APRS transceiver to track public service event
support vehicles, plus a 900-MHz cross-band link to stay in touch, even when
the operator is outside the vehicle.

Fennell has given many presentations on Amateur Radio at hamfests -- including
Hamvention -- and youth gatherings. He has also volunteered in schools to
demonstrate the benefits of Amateur Radio. The Maxim award is presented to an
ARRL member under age 21 whose accomplishments and contributions to the Amateur
Radio and local communities are of the most exemplary nature. It carries a
$1,500 stipend and an engraved plaque.

The Board named Dennis Moriarty, K8AGB, of Canton, Ohio, to receive the 2017
Philip J. McGan Memorial Silver Antenna Award for Excellence in Public
Relations. Moriarty has hosted the Canton Amateur Radio Club's ARRL Field Day
information booth for more than a decade. He also writes, prints, and mails
between 20 and 50 letters distributed to schools and universities, the media,
served agencies, and to other clubs. Moriarty, an ARRL Technical Specialist in
the Ohio Section, has been licensed since 1958.

The McGan Award rewards promotion of Amateur Radio to the non-amateur
community. Moriarty was recognized for consistently presenting Amateur Radio
and the activities of his club in a positive manner throughout northeastern
Ohio. The McGan Award's namesake, journalist Philip J. McGan, WA2MBQ (SK),
served as the first chairman of the ARRL's Public Relations Committee.

The Board recognized and congratulated the Denver Radio Club for its exemplary
service and dedication to the Amateur Radio community and the general public.
The club celebrates its centennial this year.

The Board recognized the Clark County Amateur Radio Club (CCARC) for its
exemplary service and dedication. The club operates eight repeaters in
southwest Washington that directly support public service activities, and it
created the EYEWARN program to provide visual situational reports with
ground-truth observations to emergency managers. CCARC was the 2017 Hamvention
Club of the Year. It is celebrating its 87th year.

____________________________________________________________________________


Amateur Radio Participation is Key to University Solar Eclipse Experiment

Virginia Tech electrical engineering professor Greg Earle, W4GDE, is heading up
a National Science Foundation (NSF) funded solar eclipse experiment dubbed
CEDAR -- Coupling, Energetics, and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions. The
experiment proposes to study the effects on the ionosphere of the August 21
total eclipse of the Sun, using a combination of GPS receivers, the
university's SuperDARN (Super Dual Auroral Radar Network) radar system, HF
Amateur Radio, and plasma modeling. Several graduate students and researchers,
as well as the Virginia Tech Amateur Radio Association (K4KDJ) and the Amateur
Radio community at large have been recruited to help.

"We want to understand how the ionosphere is affected by blockage of sunlight
over a relatively short interval (~2 hours), understand how man-made systems
are affected by the changes in the ionosphere, and use the data to improve our
numerical models," Earle told ARRL, noting that the "plan has morphed a bit"
since the initial proposal of more than a year ago, although "the idea is still
the same."

Virginia Tech students Magdalina Moses, KM4EGE, and Xiaoyu "Harry" Han, KM4ICI,
along with Virginia Tech electrical engineering professor Bob McGwier, N4HY,
are among those pitching in.

Earle and his team are will use the data they collect to characterize
ionospheric plasma density variations caused by the eclipse, measure HF
scintillation -- rapid fluctuation of signal phase and/or amplitude -- during
the eclipse, study the motions of plasma irregularities produced in both the E
and F layers, and use numerical models to test cause-and-effect scenarios to
compare with empirical data.

"The proposed study will utilize diagnostic capabilities that have never before
been used to study a mid-latitude eclipse," the CEDAR abstract explains.
"Through this work we will answer several fundamental questions that remain
unresolved, despite previous eclipse studies, and we will engage a huge cohort
of non-scientists in gathering data that will constrain our models and enrich
our understanding of ionospheric behavior."

That "huge cohort" includes participants in the Solar Eclipse QSO Party (SEQP),
sponsored by ARRL and HamSCI. "During this event, radio operators will actively
communicate throughout the eclipse interval over paths that transect the
eclipsed region of the ionosphere," the CEDAR proposal outlines. "These data
will include information on the signal strength and maximum usable frequency in
various HF bands, which are directly related to the density and altitude of the
ionosphere." The experiment will also draw on data generated by WSPR Net and
the Reverse Beacon Network (RBN).

____________________________________________________________________________


The Doctor Will See You Now!

"Keys and Keyers" is the topic of the latest episode of the "ARRL The Doctor is
In" podcast. Listen...and learn!

Sponsored by DX Engineering, "ARRL The Doctor is In" is an informative
discussion of all things technical. Listen on your computer, tablet, or
smartphone -- whenever and wherever you like!

Every 2 weeks, your host, QST Editor-in-Chief Steve Ford, WB8IMY, and the
Doctor himself, Joel Hallas, W1ZR, will discuss a broad range of technical
topics. You can also e-mail your questions to doctor@arrl.org, and the Doctor
may answer them in a future podcast.

Enjoy "ARRL The Doctor is In" on Apple iTunes, or by using your iPhone or iPad
podcast app (just search for "ARRL The Doctor is In"). You can also listen
online at Blubrry, or at Stitcher (free registration required, or browse the
site as a guest) and through the free Stitcher app for iOS, Kindle, or Android
devices. If you've never listened to a podcast before, download our beginner's
guide.

____________________________________________________________________________


FT8 Mode is Latest Bright Shiny Object in Amateur Radio Digital World

It's still in beta testing, but FT8 -- the latest digital bauble to capture the
imagination of the Amateur Radio community -- has been luring away many of
those already using the already-popular JT65 "weak-signal" mode. FT8 is
included in a beta release of WSJT-X, version 1.8.0-rc1. Among its biggest
advantages is a shorter transmit-receive cycle, meaning quicker contacts. The
notes for the "candidate" release say that FT8 offers "sensitivity down to -20
dB on the AWGN channel." Contacts are four times faster than with JT65 or JT9,
and an entire FT8 contact can take place in about 1 minute.

The new mode is named after its developers, Steven Franke, K9AN, and Joe
Taylor, K1JT. The numeral designates the mode's eight-frequency shift keying
format. Tones are spaced at 6.25 Hz, and an FT8 signal occupies just 50 Hz.
Unlike JT65 or JT9, transmit and receive cycles in FT8 each last about 15
seconds. Like JT65, FT8 requires accurate time synchronization. An
auto-sequencing feature offers the option to respond automatically to the first
decoded reply to your CQ.

"FT8 is an excellent mode for HF DXing and for situations like multi-hop Es on
6 meters, where deep QSB may make fast and reliable completion of QSOs
desirable," Taylor's release notes assert.

ARRL Emergency Preparedness Manager Mike Corey, KI1U, has been using FT8 from
the start and put W1AW on FT8 for the first time a few weeks ago on 6 meters.

"This mode is a game changer for 6 meters," Corey said. "Activity is intense,
and contacts are possible using this mode when the band seems totally dead."
Corey said it's easy to get on with FT8, call CQ, and "quickly fill the log,"
and he rated the auto-sequencing feature as "awesome."

"FT8 gives small and modest stations a real chance at participating in programs
like DXCC, VUCC and WAS; and, to top it off, at a time when band conditions are
far from optimal." Corey said.

The beta release came out just days before the July CQ VHF Contest and proved
to be a boon to many operators who took advantage of FT8 on 6 meters. In a
limited outing for the CQ VHF, Frank Donovan, W3LPL, made 22 FT8 contacts on 6
meters, some of which "may have been difficult to complete on CW," he said.

"We know that the advent of new mode FT8 means that new material is needed for
the User Guide," Taylor told the Yahoo Meteor Scatter and Weak Signal Group
this week. "We will be working on that in the near future." A new Facebook
group has been established for FT8 experimenters.

____________________________________________________________________________


Canada C3 Expedition WSPR Beacon Reports Continue at High Rate; QSL Available

The CG3EXP WSPR beacon on board the Canada C3 Expedition vessel Polar Prince
continues to attract a high volume of reception reports. The vessel has been
making its way northward along the Labrador Coast, visiting communities and
places of interest. Some stations have requested QSL cards, and The Canadian
Amateur columnist Robert Mazur, VA3ROM, has volunteered to be the CG3EXP eQSL
Manager. He designed an eQSL that is available via the online eQSL service or
upon request via e-mail.

Thousands of Amateur Radio stations and shortwave listeners (SWLs) have
reported receiving the CG3EXP WSPR signal on 20, 30, and 40 meters. The Canada
C3 Expedition, which got under way on June 1 and will continue until October
28, is part of Canada's Sesquicentennial celebration. The Polar Prince is
sailing from Toronto to Victoria via the Northwest Passage.

Group Leader Barrie Crampton, VE3BSB, has explained that the Polar Prince is
not carrying a full-blown Amateur Radio station because onboard space was
tight, and a WSPR beacon was far easier to implement. Also, he quipped, it
"doesn't eat, sleep, get seasick, or need a bunk."

____________________________________________________________________________


Marty Sullaway, KC1CWF, is 2017 Young Ham of the Year

Fifteen-year-old Marty Sullaway KC1CWF, of Newton, Massachusetts is the
recipient of the 2017 Bill Pasternak, WA6ITF, Memorial Amateur Radio Newsline
Young Ham of the Year (YHOTY). Licensed in 2014, he worked his way up to
Amateur Extra class earlier this year. A rising sophomore year at Meridian
Academy in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, Marty is co-founder of the Eastern
Massachusetts Contesting Club (KR1DX), which he created to attract more young
people to Amateur Radio in suburban Boston. He has helped to teach and mentor
many young people, sparking interest in HF contesting. Joe Eisenberg, K0NEB,
nominated Marty for the award, describing him as an "extraordinary young man."

"Marty has accomplished things at age 15 that many hams take years to do,"
Eisenberg said. "And, he is only beginning."

A member of the Yankee Clipper Contest Club and very active in the contest
community, Marty serves on the ARRL Contest Advisory Committee. Among his
contesting accomplishments is the 2015 CQ World Wide SSB USA "Rookie" plaque.
His score of 1,312,305 from K1VR still stands as the CQ WW rookie record.

Marty serves on the board of the Clay Center Amateur Radio Club, which promotes
Amateur Radio at the Dexter/Southfield School in Brookline, Massachusetts, and
he's been involved in the club's Field Day planning and has assisted with
antenna and HF station design, as well as with repeater operations.

Marty inaugurated The Phasing Line podcast, and he and co-host Sterling Coffey,
N0SSC, discuss a variety of antenna, contesting, and youth-related Amateur
Radio activities, and he was a presenter at the 2016 Dayton Hamvention(R) Youth
Forum. He will be recognized during the Huntsville Hamfest on August 19.

____________________________________________________________________________


Young English Radio Amateur Completes the Wainwrights on the Air Challenge

Twelve-year-old Lauren Richardson, M6HLR -- one of the youngest hams in England
-- completed the Wainwrights on the Air Challenge on August 1. The Challenge is
an ambitious activity that involves climbing all 214 of the Cumbrian Wainwright
fells -- hills and mountains, described in A. Wainwright's seven-volume
Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells (1955-66) -- and transmitting from each
summit. She completed the entire endeavor in about 2 years, hiking with her
parents.

Lauren was the subject of a BBC Look North TV program, which was shot as she
had just one more to go. She told the BBC, "When I was a kid, I actually
thought it was like having an invisible string between the two radios, but it's
really interesting because you can get all way round the world just with an
antenna and sending signals." She said the experience gave her the opportunity
to see all the types of weather the Lake District can offer, but that "it's
just lovely, whatever the weather."

The Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) congratulated Lauren on her
accomplishment, noting that she is the youngest person to have met the
Wainwright Challenge. "She is a great advocate for Amateur Radio and an
enthusiastic role model for encouraging others of her age to get involved,"
RSGB said.

____________________________________________________________________________


Amateur Radio Personality, Broadcaster, Businessman Al Cohen, W1FXQ, SK

Veteran radio amateur Alexander "Al" Cohen, W1FXQ, of Newington, Connecticut,
died on July 27. He was 99. A businessman, Cohen was a fixture within the
Greater Hartford, Connecticut, Amateur Radio community as well as in
broadcasting circles. He was an ARRL member and once served as the Public
Information Officer for the ARRL Connecticut Section. Cohen was licensed in
1932 at age 14. When he was 18, he obtained an FCC First-Class Radiotelephone
License. ARRL Connecticut Section Manager Chuck Motes, K1DFS, said Cohen was "a
very well-known, respected, and loved member of the Connecticut Amateur Radio
community."

"Al enjoyed a long and fruitful life and career -- mostly in service to
others," said Motes, who added that Cohen was his example of the "dean" of
Amateur Radio in Connecticut.

After graduating from Hartford Public High School as a member of the National
Honor Society, he went to work as a radio repairman. He later gravitated into
radio broadcasting, before going out on his own to co-found Signal Electronic
Supply. He was also co-founder of Atlantic Radio Service and of Charter Oak
Productions.

A World War II US Army Air Corps veteran, Cohen was a charter life member of
the Quarter Century Wireless Association (QCWA) and had received his 80-year
membership certificate. He was a member of several Amateur Radio clubs,
including the Newington Amateur Radio League, which honored him with its
Lifetime Achievement and its Ham of the Year awards. A brick honoring Al Cohen
and his late wife Myra is set in the patio at ARRL Headquarters.

____________________________________________________________________________


"Father of Competitive Radio" in USSR Boris Stepanov, RU3AX, SK

The man known as the "Father of Competitive Radio" in the former Soviet Union,
Boris Stepanov, RU3AX (ex-UW3AX), of Moscow, Russia, died on July 28, after a
lengthy illness. He was 76. A prolific writer, Stepanov was the deputy editor
of Radio magazine. He also attended International Amateur Radio Union Region 1
conferences as a member of Central Radio Club and SRR delegations. Stepanov's
obituary credits him with developing the World Radiosport Team Championship
(WRTC) format, and he was one of the judges at the first WRTC in 1990 in the
Seattle area.

A graduate of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Stepanov became
involved in Amateur Radio since the early 1950s, first as an SWL, and then
becoming UW3AX in 1960.

Stepanov developed regular HF Amateur Radio competitions in the USSR and was
involved in the project that put Amateur Radio aboard the Mir space station. He
is credited with 1,000 publications on Amateur Radio and broadcasting topics
and of several books.

Stepanov again visited the US in 1991. On that trip, he accompanied Russian
cosmonaut Musa Manarov, U2MIR/UV3AM, to speak with radio amateurs and to stop
at that year's ARRL South Texas Convention in Houston as well as at ARRL
Headquarters. -- Thanks to Roman Thomas, R5AA

____________________________________________________________________________


In Brief...

First Pass of 2017 Field Day Submissions Completed: With the July 25 ARRL Field
Day submission deadline behind us, the ARRL Contest Branch has completed a
"first pass" of the 2017 Field Day submissions. Scroll down to Field Day
Submissions, where there's a link to the list and additional information.
Several lines in the Summaries Received List are highlighted in yellow with
this statement: "Data Incomplete -- Contact ARRL Contest Branch. E-mail
contests@arrl.org." If your listing has this statement, the Contest Branch will
have e-mailed you a request for missing documents (typically, the missing
document is the 2-page Summary Sheet). Be sure to follow up with the Contest
Branch if your listing is so notated.


Tiny "Sprite" Satellites Deployed, Transmitting on 70 Centimeters: According to
Scientific American, six tiny "Sprite" satellites, each consisting of a 4-gram
circuit board packed with electronics, were deployed in late June. The Sprites
are the brainchild of Zac Manchester, KD2BHC, whom Scientific American
interviewed for the article. The Sprites went into low-Earth orbit as secondary
payloads on the Latvian Venta and Italian Max Valier satellites, launched from
India. Signals on 437.325 MHz from at least one of the exterior-mounted Sprites
have been received in California and New York. Manchester launched 104 Sprites
into orbit in 2014 aboard KickSat-1, but they failed to deploy.

____________________________________________________________________________


The K7RA Solar Update

Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, reports: At 0549 UTC on August 3, the Australian Space
Forecast Centre issued a warning to "expect an increase in geomagnetic activity
up to active to minor storm levels, due to influence of the recurrent coronal
hole," on August 4-5 UTC. The Centre said the increased geomagnetic activity
was expected due to "coronal hole high-speed wind stream" on both days.

More zero-sunspot days appeared over the past week, but fewer than during the
previous week; in fact, the average daily sunspot number increased from 1.7 to
5, and average daily solar flux went from 69.7 to 71. Both are very low
numbers.

We saw the average daily planetary A index go from 11.9 to 5, and the average
dally mid-latitude A index (measured in Virginia) decline from 12.9 to 6.

These numbers are generally good for HF propagation, being lower, but for the
best HF propagation, we like sunspot numbers and solar flux as high as
possible.

Predicted solar flux is 75 on August 3; 78 on August 4-10; 75 on August 11-13;
73 on August 14; 70 on August 15-26; 78 on August 27-29, and 75 on August
30-September 9.

Predicted planetary A index is 5 on August 3-4; 25, 12, and 8 on August 5-7; 5
on August 8-16; 15 on August 17-18; 12 on August 19; 10 on August 20-22; 5 on
August 23-26; 12, 10, 8, and 5 on August 27-30; 25, 18, 12, and 8 on August
31-September 3; 5 on September 4-12, and 15 on September 13-14.

Sunspot numbers for July 27-August 2 were 0, 0, 12, 11, 0, 0, and 12, with a
mean of 5. The 10.7-centimeter flux was 68.3, 69.5, 69.9, 69.5, 72.2, 73.5, and
74.4, with a mean of 71. Estimated planetary A indices were 6, 7, 4, 4, 3, 6,
and 5, with a mean of 5. Estimated mid-latitude A indices were 8, 7, 4, 3, 2,
10, and 8, with a mean of 6.

Send me your reports and observations.

____________________________________________________________________________


Just Ahead in Radiosport

 *  August 5 -- European HF Championship (CW, phone)
 *  August 5 -- WAB 144 MHz Low Power Phone
 *  August 5-6 -- North American QSO Party (CW)
 *  August 5-6 -- ARRL 222 MHz and Up Distance Contest
 *  August 5-6 -- 10-10 International Summer Contest (CW, phone)
 *  August 6 -- SARL HF Phone Contest
 *  August 8 -- ARS Spartan Sprint (CW)
 *  August 9 -- NAQCC CW Sprint

See the ARRL Contest Calendar for more information. For in-depth reporting on
Amateur Radio contesting, subscribe to The ARRL Contest Update via your ARRL
member profile e-mail preferences.

____________________________________________________________________________


Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions

 *  August 4-5 -- South Texas Section Convention, Austin, Texas
 *  August 4-6 -- Pacific Northwest DX Convention, Spokane, Washington
 *  August 11-13 -- New Mexico State Convention, Albuquerque, New Mexico
 *  August 12 -- Delta Division Convention, Shreveport, Louisiana
 *  August 18-20 -- West Virginia State Convention, Weston, West Virginia
 *  August 19-20 -- Alabama State Convention, Huntsville, Alabama
 *  August 20 -- Kansas State Convention, Salina, Kansas
 *  September 1-3 -- North Carolina State Convention, Shelby, North Carolina
 *  September 8-10 -- New England Division Convention, Boxboro,
    Massachusetts
 *  September 9 -- Virginia Section Convention, Virginia Beach, Virginia
 *  September 10 -- New Jersey State Convention, Mullica Hill, New Jersey
 *  September 15-16 -- W9DXCC Convention, Schaumburg, Illinois
 *  September 15-17 -- Southwestern Division Convention, Torrance,
    California
 *  September 15-17 -- ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference, St.
    Louis, Missouri
 *  September 22-23 -- W4DXCC/SEDCO Convention, Pigeon Forge, Tennessee
 *  September 23 -- Iowa State Convention, Sergeant Bluff, Iowa
 *  September 23 -- Washington State Convention, Spokane Valley, Washington
 *  September 30 -- North Dakota State Convention, West Fargo, North Dakota

Find conventions and hamfests in your area.

____________________________________________________________________________


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